靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵器的工作原理是利用高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)場使煙氣(qi)(qi)發(fa)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)，氣(qi)(qi)流中的粉(fen)塵荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)場作用下與氣(qi)(qi)流分離(li)。負極由(you)不(bu)同(tong)斷面形狀的金屬導線制成，叫放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極。

正極(ji)由(you)不(bu)同幾何形(xing)狀的(de)金屬板制成(cheng)，叫集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)。靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)的(de)性能受粉(fen)塵(chen)性質、設備構造(zao)和(he)煙氣流速等三個因素的(de)影響(xiang)。粉(fen)塵(chen)的(de)比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)是(shi)評價導電(dian)(dian)(dian)性的(de)指標，它(ta)對除(chu)塵(chen)效率有(you)直接的(de)影響(xiang)。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過低，塵(chen)粒(li)難(nan)以保(bao)持在(zai)集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上，致使其重返(fan)氣流。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過高(gao)，到達集(ji)塵(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)塵(chen)粒(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不(bu)易放出(chu)，在(zai)塵(chen)層之間(jian)形(xing)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊穿和(he)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)現(xian)象。這(zhe)些情況都會造(zao)成(cheng)除(chu)塵(chen)效率下降。

工作原理：

電(dian)(dian)除塵器的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本原理是(shi)利用電(dian)(dian)力捕集煙氣(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)塵，主要包(bao)括以(yi)下四個(ge)相互有(you)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)物理過程(cheng)：（1）氣(qi)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)離。（2）粉(fen)塵的(de)(de)(de)(de)荷電(dian)(dian)。（3）荷電(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵向電(dian)(dian)極移動。（4）荷電(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵的(de)(de)(de)(de)捕集。

荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)塵的(de)(de)(de)(de)捕集過(guo)程：在兩個曲率半徑相(xiang)差較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)金屬陽(yang)極和陰極上，通(tong)過(guo)高壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)，維持一個足(zu)以使(shi)(shi)氣(qi)體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)，氣(qi)體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后所產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)：陰離(li)子(zi)(zi)和陽(yang)離(li)子(zi)(zi)，吸(xi)附在通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵上，使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)塵獲得電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)。荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極性不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵在電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)下(xia)，分別向不同極性的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極運動，沉積(ji)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)極上，而達到(dao)粉(fen)(fen)塵和氣(qi)體(ti)分離(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)。